Some signs of risk can be seen as early as infancy or early childhood, such as aggressive behavior, lack of self-control, or difficult temperament. As the child gets older, interactions with family, at school, and within the community can affect that child’s risk for later [tag]drug abuse[/tag].
Children’s earliest interactions occur in the family; sometimes family situations heighten a child’s risk for later drug abuse, for example, when there is:
- a lack of attachment and nurturing by parents or caregivers;
- ineffective parenting; and
- a caregiver who abuses drugs.
But families can provide protection from later drug abuse when there is:
- a strong bond between children and parents;
- parental involvement in the child’s life; and
- clear limits and consistent enforcement of discipline.
Interactions outside the family can involve risks for both children and adolescents, such as:
- poor classroom behavior or social skills;
- academic failure; and
- association with drug-abusing peers.
Association with drug-abusing peers is often the most immediate risk for exposing adolescents to drug abuse and delinquent behavior.
Other factors—such as [tag]drug availability[/tag], [tag]trafficking[/tag] patterns, and beliefs that drug abuse is generally tolerated—are risks that can influence young people to start abusing [tag]street drugs[/tag].
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